CANADA . Canada Flag Coat of arms Motto: A Mari Usque Ad Mare  (Latin) "From Sea to Sea" Anthem: "O Canada" Royal anthem: "God Save the Queen" Capital Ottawa 45°24?N 75°40?W? / ?45.4°N 75.667°W? / 45.4; -75.667 Largest city Toronto Official language(s) English and French Recognised regional languages Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, Cree, Dëne S??iné, Gwich?in, Inuvialuktun, Slavey and T??ch? Yatiì Demonym Canadian Government Federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy  -  Monarch Elizabeth II  -  Governor General David Johnston  -  Prime Minister Stephen Harper Legislature Parliament  -  Upper House Senate  -  Lower House House of Commons Establishment  -  British North America Acts 1 July 1867   -  Statute of Westminster 11 December 1931   -  Canada Act 17 April 1982  Area  -  Total 9,984,670 km2 (2nd) 3,854,085 sq mi   -  Water (%) 8.92 (891,163 km2/344,080 mi2) Population  -  2011 estimate 34,457,000 (36th)  -  2006 census 32,623,490   -  Density 3.41/km2 (228th) 8.3/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2010 estimate  -  Total $1.330 trillion   -  Per capita $39,057  GDP (nominal) 2010 estimate  -  Total $1.574 trillion   -  Per capita $46,215  Gini (2005) 32.1 (medium)  HDI (2010) 0.888 (very high) (8th) Currency Canadian dollar ($) (CAD) Time zone (UTC?3.5 to ?8)  -  Summer (DST)  (UTC?2.5 to ?7) Date formats dd-mm-yyyy, mm-dd-yyyy, and yyyy-mm-dd (CE) Drives on the Right ISO 3166 code CA Internet TLD .ca Calling code +1 Canada portal Canada ( /?kæn?d?/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.